Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is known as a chronic musculoskeletal syndrome which is identified by varying degress of pains, aches, tenderness or stiffness in the muscles, tendons and ligaments. The syndrome most often occurs in the neck and shoulders but may also develop in the legs and lower back area. The nature of fibromyalgia is such that it is typically associated with fatigue, depression, gastrointestinal disorders and sleeping disorders. As such, the symptoms of fibromyalgia is such that they are chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), temporomandibular joint syndrome (TMJ) or myofascial pain syndrome (MPS).

About 80% of those with fibromyalgia are women. Most cases occur in women between the age of 20 - 40 years old. However, fibromyalgia can occur at any age with known cases developing in children.

The cause of fibromyalgia is not actually known, but there are connections between cases of fibromyalgia and impaired blood flow to certain areas of the brain. There are also links with increased amount of substance P, a sensory neurotransmitter that is known to play a key role in the regulation of emotions and physical sensations.

Researchers believe that chronic sleep disorders, emotional stress, emotional trauma, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, immune system dysfunction, endocrine system dysfunction, upper spinal cord injuries, viral infections and bacterial infections are also possible causes.

Fibromyalgia symptoms

  • Pain and tenderness at the back of the head
  • Pain and tenderness in the upper back and neck
  • Pain and tenderness in the joints (hips / knees / elbows)
  • Sleep disorders and restlessness
  • Painful menstruation (dysmenorrhea)
  • Pain during sexual intercourse (dyspareunia)
  • Painful urination (dysuria)
  • Short breath
  • Irregular heart beat
  • Numbness and tingling (esp. in extremities)
  • Pain in the abdomen
  • Diarrhea, stomach cramps, gas, bloating
  • Heightened sensitivity to smells, light, tastes, weather

Fibromyalgia treatment

  • Muscle relaxants
  • Acupuncture analgesia
  • Localized injections at points where tender / painful
  • Massaging
  • Transcutaneous nerve stimulation
  • Interferential current stimulation
  • Postisometric relaxation